Subconjunctival haemorrhage, also known as conjunctival ecchymosis, is a bruise on the clear tissue that covers the white part of your eye, the conjunctiva. It can appear mildly red to dark red/purple, depending on the size of the bruise. While they look scary, they are usually not dangerous and, quite often, people do not know they have one until they look in the mirror or someone points it out to them.
There are several causes of subconjunctival haemorrhages, such as;
· Injury or surgery to the eye
· Rubbing too hard
· Blood-thinning medication
· Bleeding disorders
Like a normal bruise, subconjunctival haemorrhages can change appearance as they heal. While they can initially be dark red and start in one small area of the eye, over time, the blood can spread, making it appear worse. Over time, the colour can change, lightening as it heals. Usually, there is no pain associated with subconjunctival haemorrhages.
Most of the time, these subconjunctival haemorrhages resolve over 1-2 weeks on their own, and treatment is rarely required. In some instances, using a cold compress on your eyes for the first 1-2 days, followed by a warm compress the following days, can hasten its resolution.
While it usually does not require medical attention, you should present to your optometrist in Canberra if the subconjunctival haemorrhage is associated with changes in vision, eye pain, significant swelling, or if you have sustained a head or facial injury. If it has been a while since you had your last eye examination.